# 3.1.编写 Makefile

本节说明了如何快速创建一个新的 Port。对于那些快速方法不够充分的应用程序，完整的“慢速移植”过程在 [慢速移植](https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/porters-handbook/slow-porting/#slow-porting) 中有详细说明。

首先，获取原始的 tarball 文件并将其放入 `DISTDIR`，默认路径为 **/usr/ports/distfiles**。

> **注意**
>
> 这些步骤假设软件可以开箱即用编译运行。换句话说，应用程序在 FreeBSD 系统上工作时完全不需要修改。如果需要修改，请参考 [慢速移植](https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/porters-handbook/slow-porting/#slow-porting)。

> **注意**
>
> 建议在进行移植之前，在 `/etc/make.conf` 中设置 make(1) 变量 `DEVELOPER` 。
>
> ```makefile
> # echo DEVELOPER=yes >> /etc/make.conf
> ```
>
> 此设置启用“开发者模式”，该模式会显示弃用警告，并在调用 make 时激活一些额外的质量检查。

***

**Makefile** 的最简版本看起来如下所示：

```makefile
PORTNAME=	oneko
DISTVERSION=	1.1b
CATEGORIES=	games
MASTER_SITES=	ftp://ftp.rediris.es/sites/ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/

MAINTAINER=	youremail@example.com
COMMENT=	Cat chasing a mouse all over the screen
WWW=		http://www.daidouji.com/oneko/

.include <bsd.port.mk>
```

尝试理解它。更详细的示例请参见 [示例 Makefile](https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/porters-handbook/porting-samplem/#porting-samplem) 部分。


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